01 - Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Cook the pasta according to package directions until al dente. Drain, rinse under cold water to stop the cooking process, and set aside to cool completely.
02 - If using fresh corn, grill or sear the ears on a hot skillet until lightly blackened, about 5 to 7 minutes, turning occasionally. Cut the kernels off the cobs. If using frozen corn, thaw it first, then pan-sear in a hot skillet with a light drizzle of oil until lightly charred for a smoky flavor.
03 - In a large mixing bowl, combine the cooled pasta, charred corn kernels, halved cherry tomatoes, diced red onion, chopped cilantro, and diced jalapeño if using. Toss gently to distribute evenly.
04 - In a small bowl, whisk together the mayonnaise, sour cream or Greek yogurt, lime juice, smoked paprika, chili powder, kosher salt, and black pepper until smooth and well blended.
05 - Pour the dressing over the pasta and vegetable mixture. Toss gently until everything is evenly coated.
06 - Fold in the crumbled cotija cheese, reserving a small amount for garnish if desired, and mix until just incorporated.
07 - Transfer the salad to a serving bowl. Top with the additional chopped cilantro and a sprinkle of remaining cotija. Arrange lime wedges around the edge. Serve chilled or at room temperature.